Astigmatism is a common refractive error that affects how light enters the eye, leading to blurred or distorted vision. Unlike near-sightedness or farsightedness, astigmatism occurs when the cornea or lens has an irregular shape. This condition can impact vision at all distances and affect daily activities such as reading, driving, or using digital screens.

What is Astigmatism?
Astigmatism occurs when the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye) or the lens inside the eye is not perfectly round. Instead of having a uniform curvature like a basketball, the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, resembling a football. This irregularity prevents light from focusing properly on the retina, leading to blurred or distorted vision.

Symptoms
• Blurred or distorted vision at all distances
• Eyestrain or discomfort
• Headaches
• Difficulty seeing at night
• Squinting to see more clearly
If left uncorrected, astigmatism can lead to increased eye fatigue and difficulties with daily tasks such as reading, working on a computer, or driving.

How Astigmatism Affects Vision
Astigmatism alters the way light enters the eye, resulting in multiple focal points instead of a single clear image. This distortion can make objects appear stretched, wavy, or shadowed. Here’s how it affects different aspects of vision:
• Blurred Vision: Since the light is not focused properly on the retina, objects at all distances may appear blurry. The severity of the blurriness depends on the degree of astigmatism.
• Distorted Images: Astigmatism can cause objects to look misshapen or elongated. Some people with astigmatism see ghosting or double images due to improper light refraction.
• Night Vision Problems: People with astigmatism often struggle with poor night vision. Lights may appear streaked, halos may form around bright objects, and glare from headlights can become bothersome.
• Increased Eye Fatigue: The eyes work harder to compensate for visual distortions, leading to strain, discomfort, and headaches. This is especially noticeable after prolonged screen use or reading.

Causes
Astigmatism can be present from birth or develop later in life. Some of the main causes include:
• Genetics: Many people inherit astigmatism from their parents.
• Eye Injuries or Surgery: Trauma to the eye or certain surgical procedures can change the cornea’s shape.

• Keratoconus: A progressive condition where the cornea becomes thin and cone-shaped, worsening astigmatism.

Diagnosis and Treatment
• Astigmatism is diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, including:
• Visual acuity tests
• Corneal topography (to measure corneal shape)
• Refraction tests

Treatment Options
Fortunately, astigmatism is manageable with several correction methods:
Eyeglasses: Prescription lenses correct the uneven curvature of the cornea.
Contact Lenses: Toric lenses are specifically designed for astigmatism to provide clear vision.
Refractive Surgery: Procedures such as LASIK or PRK reshape the cornea to correct astigmatism permanently.

Also read articles of  Dr Hareesh K V

Dr Hareesh K V
Medical director
Abhishek Nethradhama
Krupa Bindu, No.971/37, Mig 15Th A Cross, A Sector
Khb High Rise Apartment
Ambedkar Colony, Yelahanka New town
Bengaluru -64
Ph: 080-4093 3219/77957 15203

Eye Hospital in Yelahanka new town – Abhishek Nethradhama

The post How Astigmatism Affects Vision – What You Need to Know appeared first on Health Vision.

A Common Medicine, An Overlooked Danger
Steroids are widely used to treat allergies, skin disorders, breathing problems, and eye irritation. Often seen as quick and effective solutions, they are easily available and frequently used without medical supervision. However, ophthalmologists across India are increasingly warning that prolonged or unsupervised steroid use is emerging as a major trigger for secondary glaucoma, a sight-threatening condition that can cause irreversible blindness.
Steroids—whether taken as tablets, inhalers, skin creams, or eye drops—can raise intraocular pressure when used for extended periods. What makes this especially dangerous is that the rise in eye pressure usually occurs without early symptoms. Patients often feel normal while the optic nerve sustains permanent damage.

India’s Growing Glaucoma Burden
India already bears a significant share of the global glaucoma burden. An estimated 12–13 million people in the country are living with glaucoma, accounting for nearly one-sixth of cases worldwide. Globally, glaucoma affects around 75–80 million people, with projections suggesting the number will exceed 110 million by 2040.
Despite being the leading cause of irreversible blindness, glaucoma remains widely underdiagnosed in India. Experts estimate that 85–90% of cases go undetected, largely because the disease progresses silently. By the time patients notice vision loss, irreversible optic nerve damage has often already occurred.

Steroid-Induced Glaucoma: A Preventable Threat
In recent years, doctors have reported a steady rise in newly diagnosed glaucoma cases. This increase is driven by longer life expectancy, higher rates of diabetes and myopia, improved diagnostic tools, and greater public awareness. However, a growing proportion of these cases are now linked to secondary glaucoma caused by steroid misuse—an avoidable risk factor.
Steroid-induced glaucoma is increasingly seen in routine clinical practice, particularly among patients who have used steroid eye drops or medications for long periods without supervision. Because the condition develops silently, patients are often unaware that treatment for one problem is steadily damaging their vision.

Who Is Most at Risk?
Glaucoma is most commonly diagnosed in individuals over 40 years of age, with incidence peaking between 50 and 70 years. However, ophthalmologists are now detecting juvenile and early-onset glaucoma, especially among people with a family history of the disease or secondary triggers such as steroid exposure.
While primary open-angle glaucoma remains the most common form, steroid-induced glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma are being reported with increasing frequency. Individuals with diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disorders, high myopia, long-term steroid use, or a history of eye injury—even from childhood—face a higher risk and require closer monitoring.

Symptoms That Are Easy to Miss
Early glaucoma symptoms are often subtle and ignored. Frequent changes in spectacles, eye strain, headaches, difficulty seeing in low light, or halos around lights may appear minor. Because central vision is usually preserved in the early stages, patients assume their eyes are healthy, leading to dangerous delays in diagnosis.
Adding to the problem are common myths—that good vision equals healthy eyes, that glaucoma affects only older adults, or that normal eye pressure rules out the disease. In reality, glaucoma can develop at any age, and eye pressure alone does not tell the full story.

Why Routine Eye Screening Matters
Regular eye examinations are the strongest defence against glaucoma-related blindness. Adults over 40 should undergo comprehensive screening every one to two years, while high-risk individuals need annual evaluations. Vision testing alone is insufficient; screening must include measurement of eye pressure and detailed assessment of the optic nerve.

Also read articles of  Dr Hareesh K V

Dr Hareesh K V
Medical director
Abhishek Nethradhama
Krupa Bindu, No.971/37, Mig 15Th A Cross, A Sector
Khb High Rise Apartment
Ambedkar Colony, Yelahanka New town
Bengaluru -64
Ph: 080-4093 3219/77957 15203

Eye Hospital in Yelahanka new town – Abhishek Nethradhama

The post Steroid Overuse and the Silent Rise of Secondary Glaucoma appeared first on Health Vision.

Myopia, commonly known as short-sightedness, is a growing eye problem among school-going children. A child with myopia can see nearby objects clearly, but distant objects like the blackboard, classroom charts, or playground signs appear blurry. Because this problem develops slowly, many children do not complain, making myopia a silent vision problem that often goes unnoticed.

Why Is Myopia Increasing in Children?
• Excessive screen time on mobiles, tablets, computers, and televisions
• Less outdoor play and reduced exposure to natural sunlight
• Prolonged reading or writing without proper breaks
• Poor lighting while studying
• Family history of myopia
Children today spend more time indoors with screens and books, which puts extra strain on their eyes.

Signs and Symptoms Parents Should Watch For
Children often do not realize they have vision problems. Parents and teachers should look for these warning signs:
• Sitting very close to the TV or holding books too close
• Difficulty seeing the blackboard
• Squinting or narrowing the eyes to see clearly
• Frequent headaches or eye strain
• Rubbing eyes often
• Poor academic performance or lack of interest in studies
Early detection can prevent further worsening of vision.

How Myopia Affects a Child’s Life
If left untreated, myopia can affect a child’s learning, confidence, and overall development. Poor vision may lead to:
• Difficulty in schoolwork
• Reduced participation in sports and outdoor activities
• Low self-esteem
• Increased risk of severe eye problems later in life
Severe or progressive myopia can increase the risk of retinal problems, glaucoma, and early cataracts in adulthood.

Diagnosis and Treatment
• Prescription spectacles – the most common and effective solution
• Contact lenses (for older children, under supervision)
• Myopia control lenses or special glasses to slow progression
• Regular eye check-ups to monitor changes in vision

Can Myopia Be Prevented or Controlled?
While myopia cannot always be prevented, its progression can be slowed with healthy habits:
• Encourage at least 1–2 hours of outdoor play daily
• Follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds
• Maintain proper reading distance and posture
• Ensure good lighting while studying
• Limit unnecessary screen time
• Schedule regular eye check-ups, especially for school children

Also read articles of  Dr Hareesh K V

Dr Hareesh K V
Medical director
Abhishek Nethradhama
Krupa Bindu, No.971/37, Mig 15Th A Cross, A Sector
Khb High Rise Apartment
Ambedkar Colony, Yelahanka New town
Bengaluru -64
Ph: 080-4093 3219/77957 15203

Eye Hospital in Yelahanka new town – Abhishek Nethradhama

The post Myopia in School-Going Children – A Silent Vision Problem appeared first on Health Vision.

Blepharitis refers to inflammation of the eyelid margins and is usually classified into two types: Anterior blepharitis, which affects the front part of the eyelid near the eyelashes. Posterior blepharitis, which affects the inner edge of the eyelid where it comes into contact with the eyeball and is often related to dysfunction of the meibomian (oil) glands.

Common Triggers of Blepharitis
• Bacterial Infections: Overgrowth of bacteria, especially Staphylococcus species, on the eyelids can cause irritation and inflammation.
• Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD): These glands produce oils that prevent tears from evaporating too quickly. Blocked or abnormal glands can trigger posterior blepharitis.
• Skin Conditions: People with skin issues like seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea, or eczema are more prone to blepharitis due to excess oil production or inflammation.
• Allergies: Allergic reactions to eye drops, makeup, or environmental allergens can cause or worsen blepharitis.
• Poor Eyelid Hygiene: Not cleaning the eyelids regularly can allow oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria to build up along the lash line.
• Use of Eye Makeup: Heavy or expired makeup, particularly eyeliners and mascaras, can clog glands or harbor bacteria.
• Contact Lenses: Wearing lenses for extended periods or poor lens hygiene can contribute to inflammation and discomfort.
• Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations, especially in women, can affect oil gland function and tear production, increasing the risk.
• Environmental Factors: Dry air, smoke, pollution, and screen overuse can exacerbate eye dryness and irritation, triggering symptoms.

How to Prevent Blepharitis
• Maintain Eyelid Hygiene: Gently clean your eyelids daily with a warm washcloth or a lid scrub solution. Remove all eye makeup before bed.
• Use Warm Compresses: Applying a warm compress helps loosen crusts and open clogged oil glands.
• Manage Underlying Skin Conditions: Treat conditions like rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis under a doctor’s guidance to reduce flare-ups.
• Avoid Eye Irritants: Limit the use of harsh eye makeup and avoid allergens or products that trigger irritation.
• Practice Good Contact Lens Care: Disinfect lenses properly and replace them as recommended by your eye doctor.
• Eat a Healthy, Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseed, and walnuts) may help support healthy oil gland function.
• Stay Hydrated and Blink Often: Especially when using screens for long periods, blink frequently and take breaks to prevent eye dryness.
• Visit Your Eye Doctor Regularly: Early detection and management of blepharitis can prevent complications like dry eye syndrome or recurrent styes.

Also read articles of  Dr Hareesh K V

Dr Hareesh K V
Medical director
Abhishek Nethradhama
Krupa Bindu, No.971/37, Mig 15Th A Cross, A Sector
Khb High Rise Apartment
Ambedkar Colony, Yelahanka New town
Bengaluru -64
Ph: 080-4093 3219/77957 15203

Eye Hospital in Yelahanka new town – Abhishek Nethradhama

The post What Triggers Blepharitis and How Can You Prevent It? appeared first on Health Vision.

Pink Eye is highly prevalent, spreading easily through contact. It brings redness, itching, and discharge. Viruses, bacteria, allergies, or irritants trigger it. Guard against its rapid spread: maintain hygiene, avoid touching eyes, and seek prompt medical attention.

Pink eye is a common eye problem that affects people of all ages. It occurs when the conjunctiva, a thin, transparent layer that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids, becomes inflamed. Pink eye can be highly contagious and can spread easily in schools, workplaces, and households.

Types of Pink Eye:

• Viral Pink Eye: This is the most common form of pink eye and is often associated with the common cold or viral infections. It spreads easily through contact with infected respiratory droplets or by touching contaminated surfaces.
• Bacterial Pink Eye: Caused by bacteria, and can lead to more severe symptoms and may result in a thick, sticky discharge from the eye.
• Allergic Pink Eye: This form is triggered by allergens such as pollen, pet dander, or dust mites. It typically affects both eyes and is not contagious.
• Irritant Pink Eye: This occurs due to exposure to irritants like smoke, fumes, chemicals, or foreign objects entering the eye.

Symptoms of Pink Eye:

Symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of the infection. However, common symptoms include:

• Redness in the white part of the eye and inner eyelids.
• Watery or thick, coloured discharge from the eye.
• Itchy or gritty sensation in the eye.
• Swollen eyelids.
• Sensitivity to light.
• Crusty eyelashes, especially upon waking up.

Preventing the Spread of Pink Eye:

To prevent the spread of viral and bacterial pink eye, it’s essential to practice good hygiene and take necessary precautions:

• Frequent handwashing: Wash hands with soap and water regularly, especially after touching your eyes or coming in contact with someone who has pink eye. Use a clean towel to dry your face and avoid sharing towels or personal items with others.
• Avoid touching your eyes: Try not to rub or touch your eyes with unwashed hands, as this can transfer the infection. Touching or rubbing eyes can worsen the irritation and potentially spread the infection to the other eye or to other people.
• Personal items: Do not share personal items like towels, pillowcases, or eye makeup with someone who has pink eye.
• Disinfecting surfaces: Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces, like doorknobs, countertops, and phones, to prevent the spread of the virus or bacteria.
• Remove Contact Lenses: If you wear contact lenses, it’s best to remove them until the infection clears. Contact lenses can trap bacteria or irritants and worsen the condition.
• Avoid Allergens and Irritants: If your pink eye is due to allergies or irritants, try to identify and avoid the triggers. Stay away from smoke, dust, pet dander, pollen, or any substances that worsen your symptoms.
• Keep Your Environment Clean: Disinfect frequently touched surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches, and shared items, to prevent the spread of the infection.

Treatment Options:

• Viral pink eye: In most cases, viral conjunctivitis clears up on its own within 1-2 weeks. Applying warm compresses to the eyes can help alleviate discomfort. Artificial tears may also provide relief from dryness and irritation.
• Bacterial eye: This type is typically treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments prescribed by doctors.
• Allergic eye: Over-the-counter eye drops can help relieve symptoms. Avoiding allergens whenever possible is also recommended.
• Irritant eye: It usually resolves on its own once the irritant is removed. Rinse the eyes thoroughly with water if an irritant is suspected to be the cause.

Conclusion:

Some types of Pink eye can be highly contagious, others are not and may result from allergies or irritants. Practicing good hygiene and taking necessary precautions can help prevent the spread of pink eye. If you suspect you have pink eye, consult doctor for appropriate treatment. With proper care and attention, most cases of pink eye resolve without any complications.

Also read articles of  Dr Hareesh K V

Dr Hareesh K V
Medical director
Abhishek Nethradhama
Krupa Bindu, No.971/37, Mig 15Th A Cross, A Sector
Khb High Rise Apartment
Ambedkar Colony, Yelahanka New town
Bengaluru -64
Ph: 080-4093 3219/77957 15203

Eye Hospital in Yelahanka new town – Abhishek Nethradhama

The post Understanding Pink Eye Conjunctivitis – Causes and Treatment appeared first on Health Vision.

• Vitamin A/ Beta-carotene

Vitamin-A keeps the eyes healthy by preventing night blindness, and is probably the most important ingredient for healthy eyes. A deficiency in vitamin A could lead to night blindness .Vitamin A also prevents the formation of cataract and may even prevent blindness due to macular pathology.

• Vitamin C

Vitamin-C, a water-soluble vitamin is a component of most tissues in the body and is essential to the eyes. As a super anti-oxidant, it also reduces damaging free radicals and protects cells, thus helping to prevent eye diseases.

• Vitamin E

Vitamin-E is a fat-soluble vitamin and like vitamin C, it is a powerful anti-oxidant for the protection of eye health against eye illnesses like cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

• Carotenoids

Carotenoids referred to the natural plant pigments and provide the vibrant colours found in the vegetables and fruits that we eat, Lutein and Zeaxanthin are just two of the many varieties and are thought to protect the eyes from deterioration and diseases like age related macular degeneration (AMD).

• Zinc

Zinc concentration in the human retina is higher than in any other organ. Supplemental zinc has been shown to slow down the progression of macular degeneration. Low zinc levels are associated with increased risk of cataract. Both zinc and vitamin Aimprove night vision.

• B-Vitamin

B vitamins are essential for intracellular eye metabolism

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 fatty acids can play a crucial role in preventing macular degeneration

• Lutein

Lutein filters the blue light in UV rays, thus prevents retina and yellow spot damage and helps in enhancing accuracy of vision.

• Calcium

Calcium acts as a messenger in the visual nervous system, which helps in relaxation of eye’s tension and fatigue.

Also read articles of  Dr Hareesh K V

Dr Hareesh K V
Medical director
Abhishek Nethradhama
Krupa Bindu, No.971/37, Mig 15Th A Cross, A Sector
Khb High Rise Apartment
Ambedkar Colony, Yelahanka New town
Bengaluru -64
Ph: 080-4093 3219/77957 15203

Eye Hospital in Yelahanka new town – Abhishek Nethradhama

The post Nutrients for Eye Health appeared first on Health Vision.